28.10.2020
Dan LALIT, nu konstate ki prezans baz militer nikleer lor Diego Garcia, teritwar Moris, li enn grav problem polisyon nikleer, e li antrav enn Trete Nasyon Zini ki baynding.
Ferm Baz vinn enn priorite azanda pu proteksyon lanvironnman
Ravaz pandemi Koronaviris dan lemond, nofraz Wakashio lor lakot Mahebourg dan sirkonstans ankor pa kler ek dezas ekolozik polisyon karbiran lor lakot Sid-Es, lamor ziska ler inexplikab plis ki 50 dofin lor lakot Sid-Es, tu sa bulversman depi kumansman sa lane la, finn met kestyon ekolozi ek proteksyon lanvironnman lor azanda dan Moris.
Me, anmemtan fode nu rapel sa gro menas polisyon – pa nerport ki kalite polisyon me polisyon nikleer – ki baz militer Amerikin lor Diego Garcia poze. Enn polisyon nikleer kumsa, li reprezant enn veritab menas pu Losean Indyin, Lafrik ek Lemond.
E, li reponsabilite muvman lanvironnman Moris pu inklir menas polisyon nikleer lor so azanda, pu azir e kontribye dan batir sutyin pu fer ferm baz Diego Garcia, e osi, kan fini ferm baz, fors USA ek UK asir netwayaz ekolozik otur Chagos.
Kifer li enn priorite zordi pu muvman lanvironnman Moris?
1. Dapre Lopinyon ICJ, pli ot lakur internasyonal, e dapre vot masif Lasanble Zeneral Nasyon Zini, Diego Garcia form parti Repiblik Moris. Fini statye ki demanbreman Chagos depi Moris avan Lindepandans par Leta Britanik, li ti ilegal. Alor, Chagos form parti Moris. Kan Leta Britanik finn lwe Diego Garcia pu Leta Amerikin met enn baz militer, sa usi vinn enn tranzaksyon ilegal. Alor, seki pe derule lor Diego Garcia konsern nu dan Repiblik Moris e li nu responsabilite pu kone ki pe pase lor sa baz militer ki existe dan lobskirite. E, polisyon nikleer konsern muvman lanvironnman kuma enn priorite, akoz long dire so lefe e degre danze otur matyer radyo-aktif.
2. An Ziyet 2017, finn ena enn vot masif 122 pei dan Nasyon Zini anfaver nuvo Trete pu Interdi tu Zarm Nikleer dan lemond, premye trete ki pu vinn baynding kan gayn ase pei adere, ki kareman viz demantelman totalite arsenal nikleer mondyal. Anfet, Samdi 24 Oktob 2020, 50yem leta finn ratifye Trete pu rann tu zarm nikleer ilegal. Asterla, ena enn dele 90 zur avan Trete la rant anviger. Apartir 22 Zanvye 2021, zarm nikleer vinn ilegal pu tu pei. Trete la vinn azut dan lalwa internasyonal.
3. Ena enn lot trete apel Trete Pelindaba pu enn Lafrik Libere depi Zarm Nikleer ki finn siyne par tu pei dan Lafrik (1995), e zot finn travay pandan plis ki 10 an pu finalman li adopte e vinn anviger avek sutyin mem sa 5 manb permanan Konsey Sekirite Nasyon Zini an 2009.
Trete Pelindaba ek reponsabilite muvman lanvironnman
Avek zizman Lakur Internasyonal ICJ ek avek vot dan Lasanble Zeneral Nasyon Zini pu statye ki Chagos ek Diego Garcia form parti integral Repiblik Moris, prezans materyel nikleer lor baz Diego Garcia (e donk dan teritwar Repiblik Moris e donk dan Lafrik), pe vyol Trete Pelindaba. Kan Trete Interdi Tu Zarm Nikleer pu rant an viger an Zanvye 2021, sa vyolasyon pu vinn pli flagran ankor.
Ala seki Trete Pelindaba dir:
Article 1. Each State Party undertakes never under any circumstances to: [...] (g) Allow any stationing, installation or deployment of any nuclear weapons or other nuclear explosive devices in its territory or at any place under its jurisdiction or control.
Article 4: Prevention of stationing of nuclear explosive devices: (1). Each Party undertakes to prohibit, in its territory, the stationing of any nuclear explosive device.
Article 10: Each Party undertakes to maintain the highest standards of security and effective physical protection of nuclear materials.
Anfet su Trete Pelindaba, li interdi prezans, stokaz, asanblaz, akizisyon ubyin itilizasyon zarm nikleer lor kontinan Lafrik, inklir Repiblik Moris, inklir Chagos. Baz Militer Amerikin lor Diego fer servising tu sumarin nikleer Amerikin dan larad Diego Garcia. An Ut sa lane la, Larme Amerikin finn deplway trwa bonbardye nikleer B52 pu stasyone lor baz Diego Garcia.
Trete Pelidanba dir ‘"Territory" means the land territory, internal waters, territorial seas and archipelagic waters and the airspace above them as well as the sea bed and subsoil beneath;’ Savedir tu aktivite militer otur Diego Garcia, sumarin nikleer, avyon bonbardye nikleer, stokaz dese nikleer apre servising sumarin nikleer, tusala an kontravansyon Trete Pelindaba pu enn Lafrik Libere depi tu Zarm Nikleer.
Depi 1961, dan Nasyon Zini ti ena enn Rezolisyon pu konsider al ver enn Lafrik san zarm nikleer. Trete Pelindaba an 1995, li enn leritaz Nelson Mandela so premye guvernman post-aparteid, enn kudme anver lape mondyal. Anu explike kimanyer sa finn arive.
Rezim Aparteid Sid Afrik, avek konivans Lafrans ek Israel, ti’nn devlop zarm nikleer. Guvernman Sid Afrik post-Aparteid, kan ANC vinn opuvwar, finn anfet demantel sa arsenal zarm nikleer. Sa-mem nu dir li enn eritaz anver lape mondyal delapar tu dimunn ki finn lite pu fini sistem aparteid. Pelindaba, li-mem plas kot arsenal nikleer Rezim Aparteid ti ete. Avek so demantelman, Pelindaba vinn sinbol sa sanzman pu fini avek fabrikasyon zarm nikleer dan Sid Afrik. An-esanz, tu pei dan UN ti dakor pu met dibut Trete pu ki pena okenn zarm nikleer dan Lafrik. Kumsa li gayn so nom: “Trete Pelindaba”.
Dan moman kan pe siyn Trete Pelindaba, enn trete baynding, Repiblik Moris pa ti ankor konplet so dekolonizasyon. Chagos-Diego Garcia ti su lokipasyon militer ilegal Britanik ek Amerikin. Samem an 1995, ti ena “dotted lines” (markaz pwin-pwin-pwin) pu indik sa kestyon kolonyal an-litiz. Asterla avek Lopinyon ICJ e lerla avek vot Lasanble Zeneral Nasyon Zini, Gran Bretayn ek Lamerik bizin kit Chagos-Diego Garcia, ki asterla klerman ek definitivman form parti Repiblik Moris, dapre lalwa internasyonal.
Trete Pelindaba fini rant anviger depi 2010 e finn met dibut so prop Komisyon apel AFCONE (African Commission on Nuclear Energy) ki so syez truv dan Sid Afrik. Leta Moris enn parmi sa 12 pei ki form parti sa Komisyon la.
Muvman lanvironnman dan Moris bizin apiye pu ki Guvernman Moris sumet enn demand formel pu avoy inspekter UN so IAEA (International Atomic Energy Agency) pu examine si ena prezans matyer nikleer dan Diego. Get let a Premye Minis Desam 2019 pu dimann inpeksyon IAEA: https://www.lalitmauritius.org/en/newsarticle/2353/call-to-the-prime-minister-pravind-jugnauth-for-a-pivotal-turn-in-position-on-the-military-base-diego-garcia/ ek let an Oktob 2016 pu fer demand formel inpekter IAEA pu al lor baz militer Amerikin lor Diego Garcia atraver Komisyon AFCONE:
LALIT parmi sinyater tu lede inisyativ.
Mwa Ut sa lane la li fer 75 an depi bombardman atomik Hiroshima ek Nagasaki kot preske enn-kar milyon dimunn inn mor, e trazedi imin ek ekolozik ankor vivan dan memwar zordi. Alor muvman lanvironnman dan Moris ena enn devwar ek ena osi enn responsabilite anver lape mondyal ek proteksyon lavi ek lanvironnman pu dimann inspeksyon IAEA e azut lavwa pu ferm baz nikleer lor Diego Garcia.
Kisna Kistnasamy pu LALIT
28 Oktob 2020
Referans: Ena enn seri lartik lor websayt LALIT www.lalitmauritius.org. Servi serch-ennjin lor sayt, zis met “Pelindaba Treaty” ek lerla “Trete Pelindaba”.